Rate of Change of Direct-Axis Current Component Protection Scheme for Inverter-Based Islanded Microgrids

Rapid growth in the utilization of inverter-interfaced distributed energy resources (IIDERs) microgrids has brought new challenges network protection area. Microgrid specifically becomes a concern during operation islanded mode. There is considerable reduction fault current levels this mode compared to when microgrid connected grid, which makes conventional algorithms operate with significant delay or, many cases, not even pick up fault. This paper proposes algorithm based on rate change direct-axis component ( $i_{d}$ ) protect inverter-based (IBMGs). The proposed applicable for centralized as well those deploying decentralized approach equipped unit relevant lines. Photovoltaic (PV) systems and battery storage (BESS) are taken into account research modeled precisely capture high-frequency effects power-electronic converters investigate response IIDERs conditions. effectiveness method will be evaluated by applying symmetrical asymmetrical faults different locations resistances simulated test IBMG system PSCAD/EMTDC environment. In addition, robustness against non-fault conditions such sudden increase load levels, environmental uncertainties, noisy measurement scrutinized.